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1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 51 52 53 54 55 56 57 58 59 60 61 62 63 64 65 66 67 68 69 70 71 72 73 74 75 76 77 78 79 80 81 82 83 84 85 86 87 88 89 90 91 92 93 94 95 96 97 98 99 100 101 102 103 104 105 106 107 108 109 110 111 112 113 114 115 116 117 118 119 120 121 122 123 124 125 126 127 128 129 130 131 132 133 134 135 136 137 138 139 140 141 142 143 144 145 146 147 148 149 150 151 152 153 154 155 156 157 158 159 160 161 162 163 164 165 166 167 168 169 170 171 172 173 174 175 176 177 178 179 180 181 182 183 184 185 186 187 188 189 190 191 192 193 194 195 196 197 198 199 200 201 202 203 204 205 206 207 208 209 210 211 212 213 214 215 216 217 218 219 220 221 222 223 224 225 226 227 228 229 230 231 232 233 234 235 236 237 238 239 240 241 242 243 244 245 246 247 248 249 250 251 252 253 254 255 256 257 258 259 260 261 262 263 264 265 266 267 268 269 270 271 272 273 274 275 276 277 278 279 280 281 282 283 284 285 286 287 288 289 290 291 292 293 294 295 296 297 298 299 300 301 302 303 304 305 306 307 308 309 310 311 312 313 314 315 316 317 318 319 320 321 322 323 324 325 326 327 328 329 330 331 332 333 334 335 336 337 338 339 340 341 342 343 344 345 346 347 348 349 350 351 352 353 354 355 356 357 358 359 360 361 362 363 364 365 366 367 368 369 370 371 372 373 374 375 376 377 378 379 380 381 382 383 384 385 386 387 388 389 390 391 392 393 394 395 396 397 398 399 400 401 402 403 404 405 406 407 408 409 410 411 412 413 414 415 416 417 418 419 420 421 422 423 424 425 426 427 428 429 430 431 432 433 434 435 436 437 438 439 440 441 442 443 444 445 446 447 448 449 450 451 452 453 454 455 456 457 458 459 460 461 462 463 464 465 466 467 468 469 470 471 472 473 474 475 476 477 478 479 480 481 482 483 484 485 486 487 488 489 490 491 492 493 494 495 496 497 498 499 500 501 502 503 504 505 506 507 508 509 510 511 512 513 514 515 516 517 518 519 520 521 522 523 524 525 526 527 528 529 530 531 532 533 534 535 536 537 538 539 540 541 542 543 544 545 546 547 | /* * SPI master driver using generic bitbanged GPIO * * Copyright (C) 2006,2008 David Brownell * * This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify * it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by * the Free Software Foundation; either version 2 of the License, or * (at your option) any later version. * * This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, * but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of * MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the * GNU General Public License for more details. */ #include <linux/kernel.h> #include <linux/module.h> #include <linux/platform_device.h> #include <linux/gpio.h> #include <linux/of.h> #include <linux/of_device.h> #include <linux/of_gpio.h> #include <linux/spi/spi.h> #include <linux/spi/spi_bitbang.h> #include <linux/spi/spi_gpio.h> /* * This bitbanging SPI master driver should help make systems usable * when a native hardware SPI engine is not available, perhaps because * its driver isn't yet working or because the I/O pins it requires * are used for other purposes. * * platform_device->driver_data ... points to spi_gpio * * spi->controller_state ... reserved for bitbang framework code * spi->controller_data ... holds chipselect GPIO * * spi->master->dev.driver_data ... points to spi_gpio->bitbang */ struct spi_gpio { struct spi_bitbang bitbang; struct spi_gpio_platform_data pdata; struct platform_device *pdev; unsigned long cs_gpios[0]; }; /*----------------------------------------------------------------------*/ /* * Because the overhead of going through four GPIO procedure calls * per transferred bit can make performance a problem, this code * is set up so that you can use it in either of two ways: * * - The slow generic way: set up platform_data to hold the GPIO * numbers used for MISO/MOSI/SCK, and issue procedure calls for * each of them. This driver can handle several such busses. * * - The quicker inlined way: only helps with platform GPIO code * that inlines operations for constant GPIOs. This can give * you tight (fast!) inner loops, but each such bus needs a * new driver. You'll define a new C file, with Makefile and * Kconfig support; the C code can be a total of six lines: * * #define DRIVER_NAME "myboard_spi2" * #define SPI_MISO_GPIO 119 * #define SPI_MOSI_GPIO 120 * #define SPI_SCK_GPIO 121 * #define SPI_N_CHIPSEL 4 * #include "spi-gpio.c" */ #ifndef DRIVER_NAME #define DRIVER_NAME "spi_gpio" #define GENERIC_BITBANG /* vs tight inlines */ /* all functions referencing these symbols must define pdata */ #define SPI_MISO_GPIO ((pdata)->miso) #define SPI_MOSI_GPIO ((pdata)->mosi) #define SPI_SCK_GPIO ((pdata)->sck) #define SPI_N_CHIPSEL ((pdata)->num_chipselect) #endif /*----------------------------------------------------------------------*/ static inline struct spi_gpio *__pure spi_to_spi_gpio(const struct spi_device *spi) { const struct spi_bitbang *bang; struct spi_gpio *spi_gpio; bang = spi_master_get_devdata(spi->master); spi_gpio = container_of(bang, struct spi_gpio, bitbang); return spi_gpio; } static inline struct spi_gpio_platform_data *__pure spi_to_pdata(const struct spi_device *spi) { return &spi_to_spi_gpio(spi)->pdata; } /* this is #defined to avoid unused-variable warnings when inlining */ #define pdata spi_to_pdata(spi) static inline void setsck(const struct spi_device *spi, int is_on) { gpio_set_value_cansleep(SPI_SCK_GPIO, is_on); } static inline void setmosi(const struct spi_device *spi, int is_on) { gpio_set_value_cansleep(SPI_MOSI_GPIO, is_on); } static inline int getmiso(const struct spi_device *spi) { return !!gpio_get_value_cansleep(SPI_MISO_GPIO); } #undef pdata /* * NOTE: this clocks "as fast as we can". It "should" be a function of the * requested device clock. Software overhead means we usually have trouble * reaching even one Mbit/sec (except when we can inline bitops), so for now * we'll just assume we never need additional per-bit slowdowns. */ #define spidelay(nsecs) do {} while (0) #include "spi-bitbang-txrx.h" /* * These functions can leverage inline expansion of GPIO calls to shrink * costs for a txrx bit, often by factors of around ten (by instruction * count). That is particularly visible for larger word sizes, but helps * even with default 8-bit words. * * REVISIT overheads calling these functions for each word also have * significant performance costs. Having txrx_bufs() calls that inline * the txrx_word() logic would help performance, e.g. on larger blocks * used with flash storage or MMC/SD. There should also be ways to make * GCC be less stupid about reloading registers inside the I/O loops, * even without inlined GPIO calls; __attribute__((hot)) on GCC 4.3? */ static u32 spi_gpio_txrx_word_mode0(struct spi_device *spi, unsigned nsecs, u32 word, u8 bits) { return bitbang_txrx_be_cpha0(spi, nsecs, 0, 0, word, bits); } static u32 spi_gpio_txrx_word_mode1(struct spi_device *spi, unsigned nsecs, u32 word, u8 bits) { return bitbang_txrx_be_cpha1(spi, nsecs, 0, 0, word, bits); } static u32 spi_gpio_txrx_word_mode2(struct spi_device *spi, unsigned nsecs, u32 word, u8 bits) { return bitbang_txrx_be_cpha0(spi, nsecs, 1, 0, word, bits); } static u32 spi_gpio_txrx_word_mode3(struct spi_device *spi, unsigned nsecs, u32 word, u8 bits) { return bitbang_txrx_be_cpha1(spi, nsecs, 1, 0, word, bits); } /* * These functions do not call setmosi or getmiso if respective flag * (SPI_MASTER_NO_RX or SPI_MASTER_NO_TX) is set, so they are safe to * call when such pin is not present or defined in the controller. * A separate set of callbacks is defined to get highest possible * speed in the generic case (when both MISO and MOSI lines are * available), as optimiser will remove the checks when argument is * constant. */ static u32 spi_gpio_spec_txrx_word_mode0(struct spi_device *spi, unsigned nsecs, u32 word, u8 bits) { unsigned flags = spi->master->flags; return bitbang_txrx_be_cpha0(spi, nsecs, 0, flags, word, bits); } static u32 spi_gpio_spec_txrx_word_mode1(struct spi_device *spi, unsigned nsecs, u32 word, u8 bits) { unsigned flags = spi->master->flags; return bitbang_txrx_be_cpha1(spi, nsecs, 0, flags, word, bits); } static u32 spi_gpio_spec_txrx_word_mode2(struct spi_device *spi, unsigned nsecs, u32 word, u8 bits) { unsigned flags = spi->master->flags; return bitbang_txrx_be_cpha0(spi, nsecs, 1, flags, word, bits); } static u32 spi_gpio_spec_txrx_word_mode3(struct spi_device *spi, unsigned nsecs, u32 word, u8 bits) { unsigned flags = spi->master->flags; return bitbang_txrx_be_cpha1(spi, nsecs, 1, flags, word, bits); } /*----------------------------------------------------------------------*/ static void spi_gpio_chipselect(struct spi_device *spi, int is_active) { struct spi_gpio *spi_gpio = spi_to_spi_gpio(spi); unsigned long cs = spi_gpio->cs_gpios[spi->chip_select]; /* set initial clock polarity */ if (is_active) setsck(spi, spi->mode & SPI_CPOL); if (cs != SPI_GPIO_NO_CHIPSELECT) { /* SPI is normally active-low */ gpio_set_value_cansleep(cs, (spi->mode & SPI_CS_HIGH) ? is_active : !is_active); } } static int spi_gpio_setup(struct spi_device *spi) { unsigned long cs; int status = 0; struct spi_gpio *spi_gpio = spi_to_spi_gpio(spi); struct device_node *np = spi->master->dev.of_node; if (np) { /* * In DT environments, the CS GPIOs have already been * initialized from the "cs-gpios" property of the node. */ cs = spi_gpio->cs_gpios[spi->chip_select]; } else { /* * ... otherwise, take it from spi->controller_data */ cs = (uintptr_t) spi->controller_data; } if (!spi->controller_state) { if (cs != SPI_GPIO_NO_CHIPSELECT) { status = gpio_request(cs, dev_name(&spi->dev)); if (status) return status; status = gpio_direction_output(cs, !(spi->mode & SPI_CS_HIGH)); } } if (!status) { /* in case it was initialized from static board data */ spi_gpio->cs_gpios[spi->chip_select] = cs; status = spi_bitbang_setup(spi); } if (status) { if (!spi->controller_state && cs != SPI_GPIO_NO_CHIPSELECT) gpio_free(cs); } return status; } static void spi_gpio_cleanup(struct spi_device *spi) { struct spi_gpio *spi_gpio = spi_to_spi_gpio(spi); unsigned long cs = spi_gpio->cs_gpios[spi->chip_select]; if (cs != SPI_GPIO_NO_CHIPSELECT) gpio_free(cs); spi_bitbang_cleanup(spi); } static int spi_gpio_alloc(unsigned pin, const char *label, bool is_in) { int value; value = gpio_request(pin, label); if (value == 0) { if (is_in) value = gpio_direction_input(pin); else value = gpio_direction_output(pin, 0); } return value; } static int spi_gpio_request(struct spi_gpio_platform_data *pdata, const char *label, u16 *res_flags) { int value; /* NOTE: SPI_*_GPIO symbols may reference "pdata" */ if (SPI_MOSI_GPIO != SPI_GPIO_NO_MOSI) { value = spi_gpio_alloc(SPI_MOSI_GPIO, label, false); if (value) goto done; } else { /* HW configuration without MOSI pin */ *res_flags |= SPI_MASTER_NO_TX; } if (SPI_MISO_GPIO != SPI_GPIO_NO_MISO) { value = spi_gpio_alloc(SPI_MISO_GPIO, label, true); if (value) goto free_mosi; } else { /* HW configuration without MISO pin */ *res_flags |= SPI_MASTER_NO_RX; } value = spi_gpio_alloc(SPI_SCK_GPIO, label, false); if (value) goto free_miso; goto done; free_miso: if (SPI_MISO_GPIO != SPI_GPIO_NO_MISO) gpio_free(SPI_MISO_GPIO); free_mosi: if (SPI_MOSI_GPIO != SPI_GPIO_NO_MOSI) gpio_free(SPI_MOSI_GPIO); done: return value; } #ifdef CONFIG_OF static const struct of_device_id spi_gpio_dt_ids[] = { { .compatible = "spi-gpio" }, {} }; MODULE_DEVICE_TABLE(of, spi_gpio_dt_ids); static int spi_gpio_probe_dt(struct platform_device *pdev) { int ret; u32 tmp; struct spi_gpio_platform_data *pdata; struct device_node *np = pdev->dev.of_node; const struct of_device_id *of_id = of_match_device(spi_gpio_dt_ids, &pdev->dev); if (!of_id) return 0; pdata = devm_kzalloc(&pdev->dev, sizeof(*pdata), GFP_KERNEL); if (!pdata) return -ENOMEM; ret = of_get_named_gpio(np, "gpio-sck", 0); if (ret < 0) { dev_err(&pdev->dev, "gpio-sck property not found\n"); goto error_free; } pdata->sck = ret; ret = of_get_named_gpio(np, "gpio-miso", 0); if (ret < 0) { dev_info(&pdev->dev, "gpio-miso property not found, switching to no-rx mode\n"); pdata->miso = SPI_GPIO_NO_MISO; } else pdata->miso = ret; ret = of_get_named_gpio(np, "gpio-mosi", 0); if (ret < 0) { dev_info(&pdev->dev, "gpio-mosi property not found, switching to no-tx mode\n"); pdata->mosi = SPI_GPIO_NO_MOSI; } else pdata->mosi = ret; ret = of_property_read_u32(np, "num-chipselects", &tmp); if (ret < 0) { dev_err(&pdev->dev, "num-chipselects property not found\n"); goto error_free; } pdata->num_chipselect = tmp; pdev->dev.platform_data = pdata; return 1; error_free: devm_kfree(&pdev->dev, pdata); return ret; } #else static inline int spi_gpio_probe_dt(struct platform_device *pdev) { return 0; } #endif static int spi_gpio_probe(struct platform_device *pdev) { int status; struct spi_master *master; struct spi_gpio *spi_gpio; struct spi_gpio_platform_data *pdata; u16 master_flags = 0; bool use_of = 0; int num_devices; status = spi_gpio_probe_dt(pdev); if (status < 0) return status; if (status > 0) use_of = 1; pdata = dev_get_platdata(&pdev->dev); #ifdef GENERIC_BITBANG if (!pdata || (!use_of && !pdata->num_chipselect)) return -ENODEV; #endif if (use_of && !SPI_N_CHIPSEL) num_devices = 1; else num_devices = SPI_N_CHIPSEL; status = spi_gpio_request(pdata, dev_name(&pdev->dev), &master_flags); if (status < 0) return status; master = spi_alloc_master(&pdev->dev, sizeof(*spi_gpio) + (sizeof(unsigned long) * num_devices)); if (!master) { status = -ENOMEM; goto gpio_free; } spi_gpio = spi_master_get_devdata(master); platform_set_drvdata(pdev, spi_gpio); spi_gpio->pdev = pdev; if (pdata) spi_gpio->pdata = *pdata; master->bits_per_word_mask = SPI_BPW_RANGE_MASK(1, 32); master->flags = master_flags; master->bus_num = pdev->id; master->num_chipselect = num_devices; master->setup = spi_gpio_setup; master->cleanup = spi_gpio_cleanup; #ifdef CONFIG_OF master->dev.of_node = pdev->dev.of_node; if (use_of) { int i; struct device_node *np = pdev->dev.of_node; /* * In DT environments, take the CS GPIO from the "cs-gpios" * property of the node. */ if (!SPI_N_CHIPSEL) spi_gpio->cs_gpios[0] = SPI_GPIO_NO_CHIPSELECT; else for (i = 0; i < SPI_N_CHIPSEL; i++) { status = of_get_named_gpio(np, "cs-gpios", i); if (status < 0) { dev_err(&pdev->dev, "invalid cs-gpios property\n"); goto gpio_free; } spi_gpio->cs_gpios[i] = status; } } #endif spi_gpio->bitbang.master = master; spi_gpio->bitbang.chipselect = spi_gpio_chipselect; if ((master_flags & (SPI_MASTER_NO_TX | SPI_MASTER_NO_RX)) == 0) { spi_gpio->bitbang.txrx_word[SPI_MODE_0] = spi_gpio_txrx_word_mode0; spi_gpio->bitbang.txrx_word[SPI_MODE_1] = spi_gpio_txrx_word_mode1; spi_gpio->bitbang.txrx_word[SPI_MODE_2] = spi_gpio_txrx_word_mode2; spi_gpio->bitbang.txrx_word[SPI_MODE_3] = spi_gpio_txrx_word_mode3; } else { spi_gpio->bitbang.txrx_word[SPI_MODE_0] = spi_gpio_spec_txrx_word_mode0; spi_gpio->bitbang.txrx_word[SPI_MODE_1] = spi_gpio_spec_txrx_word_mode1; spi_gpio->bitbang.txrx_word[SPI_MODE_2] = spi_gpio_spec_txrx_word_mode2; spi_gpio->bitbang.txrx_word[SPI_MODE_3] = spi_gpio_spec_txrx_word_mode3; } spi_gpio->bitbang.setup_transfer = spi_bitbang_setup_transfer; spi_gpio->bitbang.flags = SPI_CS_HIGH; status = spi_bitbang_start(&spi_gpio->bitbang); if (status < 0) { gpio_free: if (SPI_MISO_GPIO != SPI_GPIO_NO_MISO) gpio_free(SPI_MISO_GPIO); if (SPI_MOSI_GPIO != SPI_GPIO_NO_MOSI) gpio_free(SPI_MOSI_GPIO); gpio_free(SPI_SCK_GPIO); spi_master_put(master); } return status; } static int spi_gpio_remove(struct platform_device *pdev) { struct spi_gpio *spi_gpio; struct spi_gpio_platform_data *pdata; spi_gpio = platform_get_drvdata(pdev); pdata = dev_get_platdata(&pdev->dev); /* stop() unregisters child devices too */ spi_bitbang_stop(&spi_gpio->bitbang); if (SPI_MISO_GPIO != SPI_GPIO_NO_MISO) gpio_free(SPI_MISO_GPIO); if (SPI_MOSI_GPIO != SPI_GPIO_NO_MOSI) gpio_free(SPI_MOSI_GPIO); gpio_free(SPI_SCK_GPIO); spi_master_put(spi_gpio->bitbang.master); return 0; } MODULE_ALIAS("platform:" DRIVER_NAME); static struct platform_driver spi_gpio_driver = { .driver = { .name = DRIVER_NAME, .of_match_table = of_match_ptr(spi_gpio_dt_ids), }, .probe = spi_gpio_probe, .remove = spi_gpio_remove, }; module_platform_driver(spi_gpio_driver); MODULE_DESCRIPTION("SPI master driver using generic bitbanged GPIO "); MODULE_AUTHOR("David Brownell"); MODULE_LICENSE("GPL"); |